Mazdek\u00ee topluluklarda ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretim ve payla\u015f\u0131m, soyut bir ideal de\u011fil, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n temel \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imiydi. Topraklar, tah\u0131l ambarlar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 topluluk ad\u0131na kullan\u0131l\u0131yor; elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn bireysel birikime de\u011fil, ortak ihtiya\u00e7lara y\u00f6nlendiriliyordu. B\u00f6ylece e\u015fitlik fikri bir vaatten \u00e7\u0131karak, do\u011frudan ya\u015fanan bir toplumsal ili\u015fkiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fum tarihi tam olarak bilinmeyen Mazdek, 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonu ve 6. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f yenilik\u00e7i bir halk \u00f6nderi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Zerd\u00fc\u015ft inanc\u0131 temelinde \u015fekillenen, ancak sosyal ve ekonomik e\u015fitlik fikirleriyle farkl\u0131la\u015fan Mazdekizm adl\u0131 hareketin kurucusudur. Mazdek, geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi felsefi anlay\u0131\u015fla Zerd\u00fc\u015ft rahipleri ile Sasani aristokrasisinin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bozulan toplumsal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 e\u015fitlik\u00e7i, ortak\u00e7\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc bir d\u00fczeni savunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n e\u015fit oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015f; servetin ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n tekelle\u015ftirilmesine, m\u00fclkle\u015ftirilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toplumdaki gelir ve m\u00fclkiyet e\u015fitsizli\u011fini, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 l\u00fcks\u00fc ve israf\u0131 ele\u015ftirerek sade ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00f6nermi\u015ftir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 nedeniyle d\u00f6neminde bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131 bir araya getirebilmi\u015f ve Sasani \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 etkili bir toplumsal muhalefet olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Y\u00f6ntem olarak ise \u015fiddete kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f; sorunlar\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini savunmu\u015ftur. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ya\u015fam ilkeleri nedeniyle kimi tarih\u00e7i ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar Mazdek\u2019i bir proto-sosyalist olarak tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n
Mazdek\u00ee hareketin toplumsal dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r vergiler alt\u0131nda ezilen k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, m\u00fclks\u00fcz yoksullar, saray ekonomisinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lan zanaatk\u00e2rlar ve k\u00f6leler olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Mazdekilik bu kesimler i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bir inan\u00e7 sistemi de\u011fil, do\u011frudan ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye d\u00f6n\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, bir var olma ve onur m\u00fccadelesi anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Mazdek, \u00f6\u011fretisinde dini formalitelerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Zerd\u00fc\u015ft din adamlar\u0131 ile d\u00f6nemin aristokrasisinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini dile getirmi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca maddi olanaklara kendini kapt\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f, \u00f6ld\u00fcrmenin ve hayvan eti yemenin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, yaln\u0131zca bireysel ahlaka de\u011fil, \u015fiddet ve tahakk\u00fcm \u00fczerine kurulu toplumsal d\u00fczene y\u00f6nelmi\u015f bir itiraz niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mazdek\u00ee topluluklarda ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretim ve payla\u015f\u0131m, soyut bir ideal de\u011fil, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n temel \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imiydi. Topraklar, tah\u0131l ambarlar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 topluluk ad\u0131na kullan\u0131l\u0131yor; elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn bireysel birikime de\u011fil, ortak ihtiya\u00e7lara y\u00f6nlendiriliyordu. B\u00f6ylece e\u015fitlik fikri bir vaatten \u00e7\u0131karak, do\u011frudan ya\u015fanan bir toplumsal ili\u015fkiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n
Elbette kurdu\u011fu d\u00fczen ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00e7izgisi kolay \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmedi\u011fi gibi, \u00f6rg\u00fctlendikten sonra da s\u00fcrekli sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n hedefi olmu\u015ftur. D\u00f6nemin aristokrasisi ve Zerd\u00fc\u015ft ruhban s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f kesimi bu hareketi tehlikeli bulmu\u015f; her \u00e7a\u011fda oldu\u011fu gibi bu d\u00f6nemde de karalamalara ve \u00e7arp\u0131tmalara ba\u015fvurulmu\u015ftur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Mazdekilik yaln\u0131zca mevcut y\u00f6netime muhalefet etmiyor; m\u00fclkiyet, vergi, din ve aile \u00fczerinden kurulan egemenlik d\u00fczeninin me\u015fruiyetini do\u011frudan sorguluyordu.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, kad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkle\u015ftirilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 duru\u015fu bilin\u00e7li bi\u00e7imde \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131larak sapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir cinsellik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Mazdek\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede kad\u0131n, erke\u011fin tamamlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil, e\u015fit bir \u00f6zne olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Kad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkle\u015ftirilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, yaln\u0131zca aile ili\u015fkilerine de\u011fil, toplumsal iktidar\u0131n t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imlerine y\u00f6nelmi\u015f bir itirazd\u0131. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, H\u00fcrrem\u2019in \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan ideolojik zemini de yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mazdek\u2019in fikirleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar bir\u00e7ok din, felsefe ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ak\u0131m\u0131ndaki e\u015fitlik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Kimi \u0130slam tarihi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in baz\u0131 iyilik ve payla\u015f\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinin k\u00f6kenini Mazdekizm\u2019e ba\u011flar. Bu etki, Mazdekili\u011fin bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
Karalama ve ideolojik sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonu\u00e7 vermeyince d\u00f6nemin egemenleri Mazdek\u2019i ortadan kald\u0131rmakta karar k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mazdek\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc planl\u0131 bir komployla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hakim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re d\u00f6nemin Sasani iktidar\u0131, Mazdek\u2019in mezhebine sahte bi\u00e7imde yak\u0131nla\u015farak onu bir yeme\u011fe davet etmi\u015f; Mazdek ve yolda\u015flar\u0131 bu davette haz\u0131rlanan tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek katledilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Niz\u00e2m\u00fclm\u00fclk\u00a0bu olay\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: \u201cNu\u015firevan, kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan g\u00fcnden \u00f6nce k\u00f6ylere birka\u00e7 adam yollam\u0131\u015f, ellerinde bellerle adamlar\u0131n gelmesini emretmi\u015fti. Bu adamlar geldiklerinde hepsini meydana toplam\u0131\u015f, kap\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ca kapatt\u0131ktan sonra onlara meydanda 12.000 \u00e7ukur a\u00e7t\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7ukurlar\u0131 muhafaza etmelerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.\u201d Ard\u0131ndan Mazdek\u00eeler yirmi\u015fer ki\u015filik gruplar halinde ba\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, Mazdek ise y\u00fcksek bir yap\u0131da topra\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Bu katliamla Mazdek ve ona inananlar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131y\u0131mdan ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. Ancak hareket t\u00fcm\u00fcyle tasfiye edilememi\u015ftir. Mazdek\u2019in e\u015fi H\u00fcrrem bu sald\u0131r\u0131dan sa\u011f kurtulmu\u015f, Rey \u015fehrine \u00e7ekilerek m\u00fccadeleyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mazdekizm, H\u00fcrrem\u2019in \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde yer alt\u0131na \u00e7ekilmi\u015f; daha sonra H\u00fcrrem\u00eelik ad\u0131yla an\u0131lacak yeni bir direni\u015f hatt\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak Mazdek, d\u00f6nemin sert s\u0131n\u0131f ayr\u0131mlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak adalet ve e\u015fitlik temelli bir toplum hayal etmi\u015f ve bunun m\u00fccadelesini vermi\u015ftir. Hareketi askeri ve siyasal olarak bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, bu durum tarihsel bir yenilgi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Mazdekilik, tarihin ilk kom\u00fcnalist deneyimlerinden biri olarak, e\u015fitlik ve ortak ya\u015fam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lamaz s\u00fcreklili\u011fini g\u00f6stermeye devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mazdek\u00ee topluluklarda ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretim ve payla\u015f\u0131m, soyut bir ideal de\u011fil, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n temel \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imiydi. Topraklar, tah\u0131l ambarlar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 topluluk ad\u0131na kullan\u0131l\u0131yor; elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn bireysel birikime de\u011fil, ortak ihtiya\u00e7lara y\u00f6nlendiriliyordu. B\u00f6ylece e\u015fitlik fikri bir vaatten \u00e7\u0131karak, do\u011frudan ya\u015fanan bir toplumsal ili\u015fkiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Do\u011fum tarihi tam olarak bilinmeyen Mazdek, 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonu ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9369,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":""},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozel-dosya"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Mazdek.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8637"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9371,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8637\/revisions\/9371"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}