{"id":8509,"date":"2025-10-02T10:02:17","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T07:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berru.org\/?p=8509"},"modified":"2025-10-02T10:02:17","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T07:02:17","slug":"liberalizm-ve-sermaye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/2025\/10\/02\/liberalizm-ve-sermaye\/","title":{"rendered":"Liberalizm ve Sermaye"},"content":{"rendered":"

Liberalizmin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, asl\u0131nda ticaret ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Liberalizm \u00f6z\u00fcnde devletin ekonomi \u00fczerindeki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r; ba\u015f\u0131ndan beridir vergi, g\u00fcmr\u00fck, s\u0131n\u0131r gibi engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u201cB\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler\u201d slogan\u0131 da temelinde bunu ifade ediyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere liberalizm kelime olarak Frans\u0131zcada \u00f6zg\u00fcr anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cliberte\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. \u0130deolojik ve siyasal olarak da bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler bi\u00e7iminde bir anlam y\u00fcklenmektedir. Ancak zamanla ifade etti\u011fi bu anlam de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha \u00e7ok bu de\u011fi\u015fen anlamda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Liberalizm, sermayenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131ran bir kavram haline gelmi\u015f; insanlar\u0131 bireycilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla kapitalist sisteme ba\u011flaman\u0131n temel ideolojik ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. Siyasi liberalizm olarak kabul edilen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler de bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Adam Smith\u2019in, zaman\u0131nda tekelleri, g\u00fcmr\u00fckleri ve devletin koydu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 ele\u015ftirmesi, \u201cpiyasan\u0131n en etkili hakem olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6ylemesi, David Ricardo\u2019nun \u201ckar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kuram\u0131\u201d ile daha ucuza mal olan bir \u00fcretimle di\u011feri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi ele alarak serbest ticareti destekleyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya koymas\u0131yla John Stuart Mill\u2019in ahlak alan\u0131nda yararc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri b\u00f6yle bir sonucun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Neoliberalizm de bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin bir devam\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cNeo\u201d denilmesi, ona ba\u015fka bir i\u00e7erik katm\u0131yor. Bu tamamen kapitalist modernitenin finans \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na uygun bir uyarlamad\u0131r. Neoliberalizm, sermayenin devletler ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde \u00f6n\u00fcndeki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn mesele, devletin sermaye dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na engel olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt Halk \u00d6nderi, Kapitalizmin esas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc temel ideolojisi olan liberalizmden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor. Yani kapitalist d\u00fczen, temelde liberalizm arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kendini topluma kabul ettiriyor. Bunu da bireyi toplumdan ay\u0131rarak, birey merkezci yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla yap\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bireyin daha kolay h\u00fckmedilebilir oldu\u011funu iyi biliyor. Daha \u00f6nceki k\u00f6leci uygarl\u0131klarda toplumun do\u011frudan k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmesi s\u00f6z konusuyken, burada bireyin s\u00fcr\u00fcle\u015ftirilmesi esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Liberalizmin \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken temel bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi toplumsal de\u011ferlerin i\u00e7ini bo\u015falt\u0131p kendine g\u00f6re anlam y\u00fcklemesi ve \u00e7arp\u0131tmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Liberalizmin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, asl\u0131nda ticaret ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Liberalizm \u00f6z\u00fcnde devletin ekonomi \u00fczerindeki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r; ba\u015f\u0131ndan beridir vergi, g\u00fcmr\u00fck, s\u0131n\u0131r gibi engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u201cB\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler\u201d slogan\u0131 da temelinde bunu ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n

Yine s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin sapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge halklar\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelelerine mesafeli duran i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve sosyal \u015fovenizm, \u201csosyal devlet\u201d gibi kavramlar da bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131nmak durumundad\u0131r. Hepsi devlete ve iktidara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi yumu\u015fatma aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen liberalizm denildi\u011finde h\u00e2l\u00e2 haf\u0131zalarda \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d, \u201crefah\u201d gibi imgeler olu\u015fturulur.<\/p>\n

Oysa liberalizmin amac\u0131, sisteme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele edenlerin direncini t\u00f6rp\u00fclemek, toplumu devletin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7ine hapsetmek, sorunlar\u0131 bu \u00e7er\u00e7evenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131rmadan \u00e7\u00f6zmeye zorlamakt\u0131r. \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d s\u00f6yleminin i\u00e7ini bo\u015faltmas\u0131n\u0131n esas nedeni de budur. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle liberalizm, yaln\u0131zca devleti sermayenin arac\u0131 haline getirmekle kalm\u0131yor; kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00fc\u00e7leri de yumu\u015fatarak sisteme eklemlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6nelim, bireyden topluma kadar her alanda kendini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan liberalizm, sistem kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayalleri bile kendine ba\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu nedenle bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi ya da \u00e7evre, kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu san\u0131rken, asl\u0131nda liberalizmin sistem i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 nefes borular\u0131ndan biri haline gelebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu anlamda liberalizm; bireyi toplumdan, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sorumluluktan kopar\u0131r. T\u00fcketim, bencillik, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z keyif alanlar\u0131na indirger. Konu\u015fma, giyinme, yeme-i\u00e7me, gezme gibi g\u00fcndelik tercihleri \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck olarak sunar. Bu sahte \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bireye \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f\u201d hissi verirken, toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Toplumdan kopar\u0131lan her birey, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye ve egemenli\u011fe daha a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirilir. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6zg\u00fcr birey yerine, itaatkar t\u00fcketici yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle liberalizmin h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu yerde \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, toplumsal ahlak\u0131n ihlali \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve bir \u00f6zenti k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130nsan toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kopar\u0131larak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye, egemenli\u011fe, itaat etmeye haz\u0131r hale getirilir. \u00d6zg\u00fcr birey oldu\u011funu sanan insan asl\u0131nda toplumdan kopmu\u015f, daha da yabanc\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f hale gelir.<\/p>\n

Kapitalist modernite bu a\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7lik \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Gen\u00e7li\u011fi sahte \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle etkisi alt\u0131na alarak onu toplumsal de\u011ferlerden koparmay\u0131 hedefler. Bunun i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli bencilli\u011fi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan, gen\u00e7li\u011fi felsefeden, ideolojiden, siyasetten uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak daha rahat s\u00f6m\u00fcrece\u011fi bir zemine \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak liberalizmin \u00f6z\u00fc, bireyi toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan koparmak, toplumlar\u0131 devlete hapsetmek ve sermayenin ideolojik zemininin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle liberalizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele, ideolojik ve siyasal boyutlar\u0131yla yo\u011funca y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmek ve ba\u015far\u0131lmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Ali G\u00fcney<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Liberalizmin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, asl\u0131nda ticaret ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Liberalizm \u00f6z\u00fcnde devletin ekonomi \u00fczerindeki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r; ba\u015f\u0131ndan beridir vergi, g\u00fcmr\u00fck, s\u0131n\u0131r gibi engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u201cB\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler\u201d slogan\u0131 da temelinde bunu ifade ediyor. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere liberalizm kelime olarak Frans\u0131zcada \u00f6zg\u00fcr anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cliberte\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. \u0130deolojik ve siyasal olarak da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8530,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":""},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analiz","category-genc-kalemler"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/consumismo_492x275_1596476522812.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8509"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8531,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509\/revisions\/8531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}