{"id":840,"date":"2024-04-15T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T12:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berru.org\/?p=840"},"modified":"2024-04-15T16:18:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T13:18:27","slug":"gire-mirazanin-gobeklitepe-tarihi-ve-hikayesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/2024\/04\/15\/gire-mirazanin-gobeklitepe-tarihi-ve-hikayesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Gir\u00ea Miraza’n\u0131n (G\u00f6beklitepe) Tarihi ve Hikayesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

HABER MERKEZ\u0130 – <\/strong>1986 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mahmut K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ad\u0131nda bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i, bir g\u00fcn tarlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrerken buldu\u011fu heykeli para eder d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle m\u00fczeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. M\u00fczedeki yetkililer heykelin tarihi bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sav\u0131yla heykeli m\u00fcze ambar\u0131na atar. Y\u0131llar sonra m\u00fczeye gelen ba\u015fta Alman Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc g\u00f6revlisi Klaus Schmidt olmak \u00fczere uzman ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan incelenen heykelin de\u011feri anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r; heykelin bulundu\u011fu tepenin birka\u00e7 metre derinlerine inince sakl\u0131 tarih g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

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\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Kaz\u0131larla g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan ve \u00fcnlenen G\u00f6beklitepe, Urfa\u2019n\u0131n 20 km kuzeydo\u011fusunda yer almaktad\u0131r. Denizden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 834 metredir. Urfa\u2019dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek bir yerde, geni\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f mesafelerini g\u00f6rebilecek h\u00e2kim bir noktadad\u0131r. Bu co\u011frafi konumu, G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biridir. \u0130nsano\u011flunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biri olan Neolitik Devrim\u2019in yani tar\u0131m\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n, hayvanlar\u0131n evcille\u015ftirilmesinin, ilk kurulan k\u00f6ylerle birlikte yerle\u015fik ya\u015fama ge\u00e7i\u015fin, s\u0131n\u0131fla\u015fman\u0131n n\u00fcvelerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n; k\u0131sacas\u0131 uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi \u00e7ekirdek b\u00f6lgelerden biri, belki de en \u00f6nemlisi olan \u2018Bereketli Hilal\u2019 topraklar\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 11.600 y\u0131l \u00f6nce F\u0131rat ve Dicle nehirleri aras\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6lgede insanl\u0131k tarihinin en \u00f6nemli olu\u015fumlar\u0131ndan biri olan in\u015fa edilen G\u00f6beklitepe, Mezopotamya\u2019daki ilk \u015fehirlerden 4.600 y\u0131l, milyonlarca turistin ziyaret etti\u011fi \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki \u00fcnl\u00fc Stonehenge\u2019den 6.600 y\u0131l, M\u0131s\u0131r Piramitleri\u2019nden 7.100 y\u0131l, Malta Adas\u0131\u2019nda bulunan tap\u0131naklardan da 6.100 y\u0131l daha eskidir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe, yerle\u015fim yerinden \u00f6te, bir tap\u0131nak merkezidir. Bulunan mimari yap\u0131lar g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fama y\u00f6nelik de\u011fil, aksine Hac gibi \u00f6zel ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00fclt yap\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

\u201cT\u201d Bi\u00e7imindeki Yuvarlak Plan\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ve gelelim G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin plan\u0131na\u2026 G\u00f6beklitepe \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan jeomanyetik ve georadar taramalarda, \u00e7aplar\u0131 20 ile 30 metreye varan daire bi\u00e7imli 20 adet tap\u0131nma ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan alan tespit edilmi\u015f ancak bunlardan yaln\u0131zca 6 yap\u0131 kat\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. Duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1.4 metre olan 12 metre boyundaki \u2018T\u2019 bi\u00e7iminde s\u00fctunlar ile \u00e7evrilmi\u015f bu tap\u0131naklar\u0131n merkezinde, iki \u2018T\u2019 bi\u00e7iminde s\u00fctun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak yer al\u0131r. Arkeologlar boylar\u0131 3 ile 6 metre aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bu \u2018T\u2019 bi\u00e7imindeki s\u00fctunlar\u0131n stilize edilmi\u015f insan tasvirleri oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedirler. Bunun sebebi \u2018T\u2019 bi\u00e7imindeki s\u00fctunlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen kol ve el tasvirleridir. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fctunlar \u00fczerine i\u015flenmi\u015f hayvan tasvirleri ve soyut semboller bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe Neden G\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe, Neolitik D\u00f6nem\u2019de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve sonra da terk edilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin an\u0131tsal yap\u0131lar\u0131, onu yapan Neolitik D\u00f6nem insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bilin\u00e7li olarak doldurulmu\u015f, bir nevi g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerini de de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flayan son avc\u0131lar, eski kimliklerini, avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 ya\u015famlar\u0131nda onlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan inan\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, sembol d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131 tahrip etmeden kapatarak terk etmi\u015flerdir. Bu nedenle son avc\u0131lar\u0131n bulu\u015fma merkezi olan e\u015fsiz tap\u0131naklar da\u011f\u0131, \u0131ss\u0131z, \u0131rak, sessiz do\u011fal ortamda, tahrip edilmeden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin \u0130nsanl\u0131k Tarihi \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arkeoloji tarihinde en \u00f6nemli ke\u015fiflerden biri olarak bahsedilen G\u00f6beklitepe, insanl\u0131k tarihine dair t\u00fcm bilinenleri sorgulatm\u0131\u015f ve de\u011fi\u015fmesine sebep olmu\u015ftur. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar \u015f\u00f6yle;<\/p>\n

Medeniyetin S\u0131f\u0131r Noktas\u0131 Yeniden Belirlendi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bunun \u00f6nemli nedenlerinden ilki, bu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n M.\u00d6 10.000 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yani ilkel \u00e7a\u011flarda olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, san\u0131lan\u0131n aksine daha modern geli\u015fmi\u015f bir ya\u015fam \u015feklini benimsemi\u015fler. Bu bilgi sayesinde medeniyetin ve insanl\u0131k tarihinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 tekrar belirlenmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

\u0130leri D\u00fczeydeki Mimarl\u0131k Bilgisi ile Yerle\u015fik Hayata Ge\u00e7ildi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ta\u015f Devri olarak bildi\u011fimiz Neolitik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n demir kullanamad\u0131klar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6mlek yapmaya hen\u00fcz ba\u015flamad\u0131klar\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca avc\u0131l\u0131k-toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmad\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmekteydi. Ancak ileri d\u00fczeyde tap\u0131naklar in\u015fa ettikleri bilgisi sonucunda, yerle\u015fik d\u00fczene ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in sadece tar\u0131m\u0131n gerekli bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
En trend seyahat rotalar\u0131ndan ilk siz haberdar olmak ister misiniz?<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Din Kurumunun Yerle\u015fik Hayattan \u00d6nce Ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ibadet merkezi olan G\u00f6beklitepe, insanlar\u0131n yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce din kurumunun olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin ke\u015ffine kadar yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, insanlar\u0131n yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7tikten sonra din kurumunun olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu. Ancak ke\u015fiften sonra din kurumu yerle\u015fik hayattan yakla\u015f\u0131k 2000 sene \u00f6nce olu\u015ftu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin S\u0131rr\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u015eimdiye kadar resmin ta\u015fa kaz\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 en eski yer G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019dir. Bu da b\u00f6lge \u00fczerindeki rivayet bulutunun daha gizemli bir hal almas\u0131na neden oluyor ku\u015fkusuz. \u00d6yle ki; \u0130ncil\u2019in \u2018Yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u2019 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Adem ve Havva\u2019n\u0131n yasak elmay\u0131 yedi\u011fi \u2018Cennet Bah\u00e7esi\u2019nin Asur\u2019un bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yazar. 4 nehirle \u00e7evrelendi\u011fi, bunlardan ikisinin F\u0131rat ve Dicle oldu\u011fu bilinen \u2018Cennet Bah\u00e7esi\u2019 ile G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin konumu aras\u0131nda benzerlik bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n
\"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Yine Asur tabletlerinde bahsedilen \u2018Beth\u2019 adl\u0131 medeniyetin konumland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olarak G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin bulundu\u011fu yer tarif edilir. Tevrat\u2019ta da \u2018Cennet Bah\u00e7esi\u2019nin Suriye\u2019nin kuzeyinde oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.\u00a0\u0130nsanl\u0131k tarihindeki bir\u00e7ok s\u0131rr\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rken \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gereken bir\u00e7ok gizemi de beraberinde getiren G\u00f6beklitepe,\u00a0UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi<\/a>\u2019ne girdi.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6beklitepe Hakk\u0131nda Efsaneler<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019nin insan eli ile g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019deki tap\u0131naklar\u0131n topraklar\u0131, insan eliyle d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/li>\n
  • Kaz\u0131 alan\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan bir kafatas\u0131, tarihin bilinen ilk beyin ameliyat\u0131n\u0131n burada ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Bunun nedeni ise kafatas\u0131nda bulunan delik izinin, ilkel bir delgi aleti ile yap\u0131lan bir ameliyat izi gibi olmas\u0131.<\/li>\n
  • Tap\u0131naklar\u0131n tabanlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 ge\u00e7irmez olarak in\u015fa edilmesi, tap\u0131nakta d\u00fczenlenen seramonilerin s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7eren seramoniler olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019deki Dilek A\u011fac\u0131<\/h2>\n

    Arkeolojik buluntular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 G\u00f6beklitepe\u2019deki ta\u015flarla \u00e7evrili iki eski mezar\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulunan as\u0131rl\u0131k a\u011fac\u0131n alt\u0131nda toplan\u0131p dilek tutar ve kurban keserlermi\u015f. Burada tuttuklar\u0131 dileklerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fine \u00e7ok inan\u0131rlarm\u0131\u015f. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde a\u011fac\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u2018evliya mezar\u0131\u2019 olarak an\u0131l\u0131yor ve ziyaret\u00e7iler a\u011fac\u0131n alt\u0131na dilek tutmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

    \n
    \"G\u00f6beklitepe'ye<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    HABER MERKEZ\u0130 – 1986 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mahmut K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ad\u0131nda bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i, bir g\u00fcn tarlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrerken buldu\u011fu heykeli para eder d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle m\u00fczeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. M\u00fczedeki yetkililer heykelin tarihi bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sav\u0131yla heykeli m\u00fcze ambar\u0131na atar. Y\u0131llar sonra m\u00fczeye gelen ba\u015fta Alman Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc g\u00f6revlisi Klaus Schmidt olmak \u00fczere uzman ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan incelenen heykelin de\u011feri anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r; heykelin bulundu\u011fu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trendler","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"0","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[{"good_text":""}],"bad":[{"bad_text":""}],"score_override":"0","override_value":"","rating":[{"rating_text":"","rating_number":"10"}],"price":[{"shop":"","price":"","link":"","icon":""}],"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"enable_post_split":"0","post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarih"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/458349c98f191efe03f2ebb241eeaae9.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=840"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":845,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840\/revisions\/845"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}