{"id":7830,"date":"2025-08-08T09:57:31","date_gmt":"2025-08-08T06:57:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berru.org\/?p=7830"},"modified":"2025-08-08T09:57:31","modified_gmt":"2025-08-08T06:57:31","slug":"artik-hayal-kuramadigimizda-oluruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/2025\/08\/08\/artik-hayal-kuramadigimizda-oluruz\/","title":{"rendered":"Art\u0131k Hayal Kuramad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00d6l\u00fcr\u00fcz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Emma Goldman, 27 Haziran 1869\u2019da Litvanya\u2019da Yahudi bir ailenin k\u0131z\u0131 olarak do\u011fdu. \u00c7ocuk ya\u015fta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sosyal adaletsizliklere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ailesiyle birlikte 13 ya\u015f\u0131nda St. Petersburg\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve zorunlu olarak fabrikada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde Rusya\u2019da siyasi bask\u0131lar artmakta ve \u00f6zellikle Yahudi toplulu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Emma Goldman, 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesinin evlilik teklifine direnerek kendi iradesini savundu. 1887 y\u0131l\u0131nda evlendi\u011fi e\u015finden ayr\u0131larak, ideallerini ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6n planda tuttu. Daha sonra Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019ne giderek, anar\u015fist hareketin \u00f6nde gelen isimlerinden Alexander Berkman ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve birlikte ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Emma Goldman, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne, kad\u0131n-erkek e\u015fitsizli\u011fine, zorunlu askerlik yasalar\u0131na ve daha pek \u00e7ok bask\u0131c\u0131 uygulamaya kar\u015f\u0131 hem s\u00f6zl\u00fc hem de fiili m\u00fccadele verdi. Bu nedenlerle defalarca tutukland\u0131, vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. Ancak m\u00fccadeleden hi\u00e7 vazge\u00e7medi; hayallerinden uzakla\u015fmad\u0131 ve hayal kuramamay\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmle e\u015fde\u011fer g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Yar\u0131na bir miras b\u0131rakmay\u0131 sorumluluk sayd\u0131 ve hayal kurmay\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez bir gere\u011fi olarak benimsedi.<\/p>\n

Fabrikada \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken devrimci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle tan\u0131\u015fan Emma Goldman, bu d\u00f6nemde eline ge\u00e7en Nikolay \u00c7erni\u015fevski\u2019nin Nas\u0131l Yapmal\u0131?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 eseriyle anar\u015fist fikirlerin tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 ekti. Kitap, onun \u00f6zg\u00fcr ya\u015fam arzusu ve m\u00fccadele azmini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi. 1886\u2019daki Haymarket Olay\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda d\u00f6rt anar\u015fistin idam\u0131, Goldman\u2019\u0131n anar\u015fizme olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirdi ve aktif m\u00fccadeleye kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Emma Goldman, \u201c\u0130\u015f isteyin. E\u011fer i\u015f vermezlerse, ekmek isteyin. E\u011fer ekmek vermezlerse, ekme\u011finizi al\u0131n.\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcyle i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinde \u00f6nemli bir fig\u00fcr oldu. Tutuklanma nedenlerinden biri, da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fum kontrol\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirici dok\u00fcmanlarla ilgiliydi. Ba\u015fka bir tutuklanmas\u0131 ise, Alexander Berkman ile birlikte kurduklar\u0131 \u201cZorunlu Askerli\u011fe Hay\u0131r\u201d hareketi ve Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenledikleri g\u00f6steriler nedeniyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti; bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te iki y\u0131l hapis yatt\u0131lar. Sonras\u0131nda Amerikan vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak Rusya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

Emma Goldman, \u201cfevkalade tehlikeli kad\u0131n\u201d ve \u201cAmerika\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc k\u0131z\u0131\u201d gibi karalay\u0131c\u0131 ifadelerle hedef al\u0131nmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir\u00e7ok devrimci ki\u015fi, \u00f6rg\u00fct ve hareket i\u00e7in ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. B\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 miras \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve tart\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrmekte, sistem kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerde s\u0131k\u00e7a referans g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Emma Goldman, kendi otobiyografisi Hayat\u0131m\u0131 Ya\u015farken<\/i><\/em>\u00a0ile Ekim Devrimi\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f nedenlerini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserlerini kaleme ald\u0131. Kad\u0131n ve i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi uzun m\u00fccadele sonunda, 1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda arkas\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir miras b\u0131rakarak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. Derin bir adalet duygusuna ve insan onurunu her \u015feyin \u00fczerinde tutan bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahip olan Goldman, kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve anti-otoriter d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin savunucusuydu. \u00d6nder bir ki\u015filik olarak, t\u00fcm zorluklara, bask\u0131lara ve imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131klara ra\u011fmen y\u0131lmadan, pes etmeden hayaller kurdu ve m\u00fccadele etti. 1940\u2019ta hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011finde, m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve belki de m\u00fccadele etme sebeplerinden biri olan Haymarket isyan\u0131nda idam edilen d\u00f6rt anar\u015fistin yak\u0131nlar\u0131na defnedildi.<\/p>\n

Kitaplar\u0131:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. <\/i>Anarchism and Other Essays<\/i><\/em>(Anar\u015fizm ve Di\u011fer Denemeler) \u2013 1910<\/li>\n
  2. <\/i>Living My Life<\/i><\/em>(Hayat\u0131m\u0131 Ya\u015farken) \u2013 1931<\/li>\n
  3. <\/i>My Disillusionment in Russia<\/i><\/em>(Rusya\u2019da Hayal K\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m) \u2013 1923<\/li>\n
  4. <\/i>My Further Disillusionment in Russia<\/i><\/em>(Rusya\u2019daki Hayal K\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n Devam\u0131) \u2013 1924<\/li>\n
  5. <\/i>The Traffic in Women and Other Essays on Feminism <\/i><\/em>(Kad\u0131n Ticareti ve Feminist Yaz\u0131lar)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    S\u00f6zleri:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u201cArt\u0131k hayal kuramad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6l\u00fcr\u00fcz.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cEvlilik insan do\u011fas\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r, esas olarak kad\u0131nlar\u0131 bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutmaya yarar.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cK\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k ise, a\u015fk\u0131n meyvesi olmaktan ziyade, erkeklere seks tekeli kurmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir bahanedir.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201c\u0130\u015f isteyin. E\u011fer i\u015f vermezlerse, ekmek isteyin. E\u011fer ekmek vermezlerse, ekme\u011finizi al\u0131n.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201c\u0130taat eden k\u00f6le \u00f6zg\u00fcr de\u011fildir; zincirlerini kutsayan asla \u00f6zg\u00fcr olamaz.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cKad\u0131n, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kazanmad\u0131k\u00e7a ne a\u015fk\u0131 ne de anneli\u011fi ger\u00e7ek anlamda ya\u015fayabilir.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cHi\u00e7bir toplum, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirmeden \u00f6zg\u00fcr olamaz.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cGer\u00e7ek devrim, ruhlarda ba\u015flar.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cBen konu\u015fmak istiyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc susturulmu\u015f biri \u00f6zg\u00fcr de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Emma Goldman, 27 Haziran 1869\u2019da Litvanya\u2019da Yahudi bir ailenin k\u0131z\u0131 olarak do\u011fdu. \u00c7ocuk ya\u015fta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sosyal adaletsizliklere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ailesiyle birlikte 13 ya\u015f\u0131nda St. Petersburg\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve zorunlu olarak fabrikada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde Rusya\u2019da siyasi bask\u0131lar artmakta ve \u00f6zellikle Yahudi toplulu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Emma Goldman, 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesinin evlilik teklifine direnerek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":""},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozel-dosya"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/goldman-1.jpg__1000x653_q85_crop_subsampling-2_upscale.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7830"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7834,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7830\/revisions\/7834"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}