{"id":6467,"date":"2025-05-08T11:19:51","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T08:19:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berru.org\/?p=6467"},"modified":"2025-05-08T11:19:51","modified_gmt":"2025-05-08T08:19:51","slug":"ozerk-universitelerin-tarihsel-gelisimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/2025\/05\/08\/ozerk-universitelerin-tarihsel-gelisimi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u00d6zerk \u00dcniversitelerin Tarihsel Geli\u015fimi\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>HABER MERKEZ\u0130- Tarihte \u00fcniversitenin \u00f6zerklik kavram\u0131,\u00a0 daha \u00e7ok Atina&#8217;daki okullar ile ili\u015fkilendirilebilir. Eski Yunan&#8217;da, \u00f6zellikle Platon\u2019un Akademisi ve Aristoteles\u2019in Lykeion\u2019u, sadece felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin merkezi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn birer simgesiydi. Atina okullar\u0131; bilginin devlete, dine veya toplumsal bask\u0131lara tabi olmadan geli\u015febilece\u011fi alanlard\u0131. Burada bilgi, sorgulama ve ele\u015ftiri yoluyla \u015fekillenirken okullar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131 olarak \u015fekillenirdi. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6zerk \u00fcniversitelerin temellerinin at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin en \u00f6zg\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde filizlendi\u011fi ortamlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<div class=\"jeg_video_container jeg_video_content\"><iframe title=\"\u201c\u00d6zerk \u00dcniversitelerin Tarihsel Geli\u015fimi\u201d\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JL6qUxnSFhA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da Avrupa\u2019da kurulan Bologna, Oxford ve Paris \u00dcniversiteleri, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kilise ve kraliyet etkisi alt\u0131ndayd\u0131lar. Ancak zamanla \u00f6\u011frenci ve \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyelerinin hak talepleriyle birlikte bilimsel \u00f6zerklik ve akademik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talepleri de g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Humboldt&#8217;un Berlin \u00dcniversitesi modeli; modern \u00fcniversiteyi devletten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6\u011fretimi esas alan bir yap\u0131 olarak temellendirdi. Bu model, \u00fcniversitelerin hem bilimsel hem de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan bir anlay\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, Cordoba \u00dcniversitesi Reformu ile \u00fcniversitelerin toplumsal sorumlulu\u011fu artt\u0131 ve akademik \u00f6zerklik, yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6netimsel bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, halkla kurulan do\u011frudan ili\u015fkiyi de i\u00e7erdi. Bu reform, \u00fcniversitelerin sadece bilimsel \u00fcretim de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal adaletin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda da aktif bir rol oynamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savundu.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn \u00fcniversiteler, daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdit alt\u0131nda: Neoliberal politikalar, \u00fcniversiteleri piyasaya dahil ediyor, bilimi ticarile\u015ftiriyor ve akademiyi performans kriterlerine s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu durum, \u00fcniversitelerin asli i\u015flevlerinden, yani \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin korunmas\u0131ndan uzakla\u015fmalar\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak her \u015feye ra\u011fmen, \u00fcniversitelerin \u00f6zerkli\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6netsel ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda halk\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, sorgulama ve hakikate ula\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131n teminat\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcniversitelerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece akademik \u00e7evreler i\u00e7in de\u011fil, toplumun her kesimi i\u00e7in kritik bir de\u011feri temsil etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HABER MERKEZ\u0130- Tarihte \u00fcniversitenin \u00f6zerklik kavram\u0131,\u00a0 daha \u00e7ok Atina&#8217;daki okullar ile ili\u015fkilendirilebilir. Eski Yunan&#8217;da, \u00f6zellikle Platon\u2019un Akademisi ve Aristoteles\u2019in Lykeion\u2019u, sadece felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin merkezi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn birer simgesiydi. Atina okullar\u0131; bilginin devlete, dine veya toplumsal bask\u0131lara tabi olmadan geli\u015febilece\u011fi alanlard\u0131. Burada bilgi, sorgulama ve ele\u015ftiri yoluyla \u015fekillenirken okullar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6468,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozel-dosya","category-universite"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-05-08_11-08-53.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6467"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6470,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6467\/revisions\/6470"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}