{"id":3286,"date":"2024-11-29T18:24:40","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T15:24:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berru.org\/?p=3286"},"modified":"2024-11-30T14:26:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-30T11:26:21","slug":"gecmiste-avci-degil-agirlikli-olarak-toplayiciymisiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/2024\/11\/29\/gecmiste-avci-degil-agirlikli-olarak-toplayiciymisiz\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Avc\u0131 De\u011fil, A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 Olarak Toplay\u0131c\u0131ym\u0131\u015f\u0131z&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>HABER MERKEZ\u0130<\/strong>&#8211; Ana ve atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak et\u00e7il olduklar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcten arkeolojik bulgulara g\u00f6re, ilk avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 insanlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla bitki ve sebze yiyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Peru\u2019da, And Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019ndaki iki mezar alan\u0131ndan 9.000 ila 6.500 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine tarihlenen 24 insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan elde edilen kan\u0131tlar, yabani patateslerin ve di\u011fer k\u00f6k sebzelerin tar\u0131msal ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015ften \u00f6nce bask\u0131n bir beslenme kayna\u011f\u0131 olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Yap\u0131lan bu ve benzeri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6re geleneksel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn aksine ana ve atalar\u0131m\u0131z a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak toplay\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131lar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafyaya oranla tar\u0131ma daha elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 nedeniyle eski Mezopotamyal\u0131lar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7indi\u011fi, avc\u0131l\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha sonralar\u0131 geli\u015fti\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Wyoming \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden arkeolog ve makalenin k\u0131demli yazar\u0131 Dr. Randy Haas, \u201cGeleneksel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, erken d\u00f6nem insan ekonomilerinin avlanmaya odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu, paleo-diyet gibi bir dizi y\u00fcksek proteinli beslenme modas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bir fikir. Ancak analizimiz, diyetlerin y\u00fczde 80 bitkisel madde ve y\u00fczde 20 etten olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d demektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Antropoloji alan\u0131nda doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi ve makalenin ilk yazar\u0131 olan Jennifer Chen, \u201cG\u0131da, \u00f6zellikle And Da\u011flar\u0131 gibi y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 ortamlarda hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in inan\u0131lmaz derecede kritik ve hayati \u00f6neme sahipti\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAvc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131lar veya toplay\u0131c\u0131lar hakk\u0131ndaki pek \u00e7ok arkeolojik \u00e7er\u00e7eve, avc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve et a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmeye odaklan\u0131yor; ancak And Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019ndaki ilk avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla yabani yumrular gibi bitki besinlerini yediklerini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lgelerden yanm\u0131\u015f bitki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ve birka\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00fcst kesici di\u015flerinde farkl\u0131 di\u015f a\u015f\u0131nma modellerine dair kan\u0131tlar buldular. Bunlar da yumru k\u00f6klerin, muhtemelen yabani patateslerin en \u00f6nemli besin kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Haas, arkeolojik alanlarda erken insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla et yedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u201cBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan \u00f6nce benimle konu\u015fsayd\u0131n\u0131z, etin beslenmenin y\u00fczde 80\u2019ini olu\u015fturdu\u011funu tahmin ederdim. \u0130nsan diyetinin et a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n bir varsay\u0131m\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, k\u0131smen et yemeye dair kan\u0131tlara kar\u015f\u0131 avantajl\u0131 olan arkeolojik kay\u0131tlardan kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ta\u015f aletler ve kesilmi\u015f hayvan kemiklerinin korunma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bitki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazla.<\/p>\n<p>Haas\u2019a g\u00f6re, avlanman\u0131n erkeksi bir u\u011fra\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinden \u00e7o\u011funlukla erkek arkeologlar\u0131n \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 da muhtemelen erken insan toplumlar\u0131nda \u201ckaba ma\u011fara adam\u0131\u201d stereotipinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca benzer \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerindeki erken d\u00f6nem insan beslenmesine ili\u015fkin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 renklendirmi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HABER MERKEZ\u0130&#8211; Ana ve atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak et\u00e7il olduklar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcten arkeolojik bulgulara g\u00f6re, ilk avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 insanlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla bitki ve sebze yiyordu. Peru\u2019da, And Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019ndaki iki mezar alan\u0131ndan 9.000 ila 6.500 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine tarihlenen 24 insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan elde edilen kan\u0131tlar, yabani patateslerin ve di\u011fer k\u00f6k sebzelerin tar\u0131msal ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015ften \u00f6nce bask\u0131n bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trendler","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"0","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[{"good_text":""}],"bad":[{"bad_text":""}],"score_override":"0","override_value":"","rating":[{"rating_text":"","rating_number":"10"}],"price":[{"shop":"","price":"","link":"","icon":""}],"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"enable_post_split":"0","post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[58,57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim","category-tarih"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/berru.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3288,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3286\/revisions\/3288"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/berru.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}